🔺電腦圖學2019-05-23 Week14
(1)主題:計時器Timer
(2)主題:內插公式(在每個時間點算出一個值)
(3)主題:動畫
(4)期末作品
#GLUT
1、Download Freeglut package
2、將檔案解壓縮後複製一個libfreeglut.a檔並重新命名為libglut32.a
3、開啟Code Blocks>新增一個新的專案>點選Glut project
4、命名專案>選擇資料存放區(C:\Users\user\Downloads\freeglut\lib)>Finish
刪除全部程式碼
到小葉老師的網站 http://120.125.89.81/
download以下檔案
(1) 貼上程式碼 畫出一個白茶壺
#include <GL/glut.h>
void display()
{
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
glutSolidTeapot( 0.3 );
glutSwapBuffers();
}
int main(int argc, char**argv)
{
glutInit(&argc, argv);
glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_DEPTH);
glutInitWindowSize(500,500);///變大了
glutCreateWindow("week 14 timer");
glutDisplayFunc(display);
glutMainLoop();
}
(2) downloadstep00-2.cpp
加入一條播放聲音的程式碼
PlaySoundA("bazooka.wav", NULL, SND_ASYNC);
使茶壺跳出時,能聽到槍聲的音效
#include <GL/glut.h>
#include <mmsystem.h>///Now (1)
void display()
{
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
glutSolidTeapot( 0.3 );
glutSwapBuffers();
}
int main(int argc, char**argv)
{
PlaySoundA("bazooka.wav", NULL, SND_ASYNC);///Now (2)
glutInit(&argc, argv);
glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_DEPTH);
glutInitWindowSize(500,500);///變大了
glutCreateWindow("week 14 timer");
glutDisplayFunc(display);
glutMainLoop();
}
(3) downloadstep00-3.cpp
加入時間計時器
glutTimerFunc(3000, timer, 0);
使程式計算時間,3秒播放一次槍聲音效
#include <GL/glut.h>
#include <mmsystem.h>///Now (1)
void display()
{
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
glutSolidTeapot( 0.3 );
glutSwapBuffers();
}
void timer(int t)///NOW timer!!!!
{
PlaySoundA("bazooka.wav", NULL, SND_ASYNC);///Now (2) ///NOW timer!!!!
}
int main(int argc, char**argv)
{
glutInit(&argc, argv);
glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_DEPTH);
glutInitWindowSize(500,500);///變大了
glutCreateWindow("week 14 timer");
glutDisplayFunc(display);
glutTimerFunc(3000, timer, 0);///NOW timer!!!!
glutMainLoop();
}
加入時間計時器,並印出秒數
秒數會配合槍聲音效
頭3秒後播放第一次,之後每秒就播放一次
glutTimerFunc(1000, timer, t+1 );/
printf("timer(t) 的 t是 %d\n", t);
#include <GL/glut.h>
#include <mmsystem.h>///Now (1)
#include <stdio.h>///printf()
void display()
{
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
glutSolidTeapot( 0.3 );
glutSwapBuffers();
}
void timer(int t)///NOW timer!!!!
{
glutTimerFunc(1000, timer, t+1 );///NOW timer!!!! 起床要播下一個鬧鐘
printf("timer(t) 的 t是 %d\n", t);///順便印一下現在的t是多少
PlaySoundA("bazooka.wav", NULL, SND_ASYNC);///Now (2) ///NOW timer!!!!
}
int main(int argc, char**argv)
{
glutInit(&argc, argv);
glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_DEPTH);
glutInitWindowSize(500,500);///變大了
glutCreateWindow("week 14 timer");
glutDisplayFunc(display);
glutTimerFunc(3000, timer, 0);///NOW timer!!!!
glutMainLoop();
}
/
利用內插法的原理,計算A至B點每秒移動的差距
即可做出由A移動至B點的茶壺
#include <mmsystem.h>///Now (1)
float angle=0;
float nowX=0;///NOW2
void display()
{
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
glPushMatrix();
///glRotatef(angle, 0,0,1);
glTranslatef(nowX, 0, 0);///NOW2
glutSolidTeapot( 0.3 );
glPopMatrix();
glutSwapBuffers();
}
void timer(int t)///NOW timer!!!!
{
/// 1000 ms = 1 sec, 30 ms = 1/33 sec , 33 fps
glutTimerFunc(30, timer, t+1 );///NOW timer!!!! 起床要播下一個鬧鐘
float alpha = (t%33) / 33.0;///NOW2 alpha 內插
nowX = alpha* 1 + (1-alpha)* -1 ;///NOW2
angle += 1;
glutPostRedisplay();///系統重繪畫面
}
int main(int argc, char**argv)
{
glutInit(&argc, argv);
glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_DEPTH);
glutInitWindowSize(500,500);///變大了
glutCreateWindow("week 14 timer");
glutDisplayFunc(display);
glutTimerFunc(1000, timer, 0);///NOW timer!!!!
glutMainLoop();
}
※用Excel做內插法
Ans = alpha * future + (1-alpha) * old)
(6) download 同學的機器人06160451_before.zip
這是不會存檔的程式碼
貼上程式碼:
#include "glm.h"
GLMmodel* pmodel = NULL;
GLMmodel* pmodel2 = NULL;
GLMmodel* pmodel21 = NULL;
GLMmodel* pmodel3 = NULL;
GLMmodel* pmodel31 = NULL;
GLMmodel* pmodel4 = NULL;
GLMmodel* pmodel41 = NULL;
GLMmodel* pmodel5 = NULL;
GLMmodel* pmodel51 = NULL;
const GLfloat light_ambient[] = { 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f };
const GLfloat light_diffuse[] = { 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f };
const GLfloat light_specular[] = { 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f };
const GLfloat light_position[] = { 2.0f, 5.0f, -5.0f, 0.0f };
const GLfloat mat_ambient[] = { 0.7f, 0.7f, 0.7f, 1.0f };
const GLfloat mat_diffuse[] = { 0.8f, 0.8f, 0.8f, 1.0f };
const GLfloat mat_specular[] = { 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f };
const GLfloat high_shininess[] = { 100.0f };
float angle[20];
int angleID=1;
void display(){
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
///身體
glPushMatrix();
glTranslatef(0, 0.3,0 );
glScalef(0.5,0.5,0.5);
if (!pmodel) {
pmodel = glmReadOBJ("data/06160451.obj");
if (!pmodel) exit(0);
glmUnitize(pmodel);
glmFacetNormals(pmodel);
glmVertexNormals(pmodel, 90.0);
}
glmDraw(pmodel, GLM_SMOOTH | GLM_MATERIAL);
///右上臂
glPushMatrix();
glTranslatef(0.45,0.3,0 );
glScalef(0.5,0.5,0.5);
glRotatef(angle[1], 0,0,1);
glTranslatef(0,-0.7, 0);
if (!pmodel2) {
pmodel2 = glmReadOBJ("data/123.obj");
if (!pmodel2) exit(0);
glmUnitize(pmodel2);
glmFacetNormals(pmodel2);
glmVertexNormals(pmodel2, 90.0);
}
glmDraw(pmodel2, GLM_SMOOTH | GLM_MATERIAL);
glPushMatrix();
glTranslatef(0,-1.1,0 );
glScalef(1,1,1);
glRotatef(angle[2], 0,0,1);
glTranslatef(0,-0.7, 0);
if (!pmodel2) {
pmodel2 = glmReadOBJ("data/123.obj");
if (!pmodel2) exit(0);
glmUnitize(pmodel2);
glmFacetNormals(pmodel2);
glmVertexNormals(pmodel2, 90.0);
}
glmDraw(pmodel2, GLM_SMOOTH | GLM_MATERIAL);
glPopMatrix();
glPopMatrix();
glPushMatrix();
glTranslatef(-0.45,0.3,0 );
glScalef(0.5,0.5,0.5);
glRotatef(angle[3], 0,0,1);
glTranslatef(0,-0.7, 0);
if (!pmodel2) {
pmodel2 = glmReadOBJ("data/123.obj");
if (!pmodel2) exit(0);
glmUnitize(pmodel2);
glmFacetNormals(pmodel2);
glmVertexNormals(pmodel2, 90.0);
}
glmDraw(pmodel2, GLM_SMOOTH | GLM_MATERIAL);
glPushMatrix();
glTranslatef(0,-1.1,0 );
glScalef(1,1,1);
glRotatef(angle[4], 0,0,1);
glTranslatef(0,-0.7, 0);
if (!pmodel2) {
pmodel2 = glmReadOBJ("data/123.obj");
if (!pmodel2) exit(0);
glmUnitize(pmodel2);
glmFacetNormals(pmodel2);
glmVertexNormals(pmodel2, 90.0);
}
glmDraw(pmodel2, GLM_SMOOTH | GLM_MATERIAL);
glPopMatrix();
glPopMatrix();
glPushMatrix();
glTranslatef(0.2,-1.05,0 );
glScalef(0.5,0.5,0.5);
glRotatef(angle[5], 0,0,1);
glTranslatef(0,-0.7, 0);
if (!pmodel2) {
pmodel2 = glmReadOBJ("data/123.obj");
if (!pmodel2) exit(0);
glmUnitize(pmodel2);
glmFacetNormals(pmodel2);
glmVertexNormals(pmodel2, 90.0);
}
glmDraw(pmodel2, GLM_SMOOTH | GLM_MATERIAL);
glPushMatrix();
glTranslatef(0,-1.2,0 );
glScalef(1,1,1);
glRotatef(angle[6], 0,0,1);
glTranslatef(0,-0.7, 0);
if (!pmodel2) {
pmodel2 = glmReadOBJ("data/123.obj");
if (!pmodel2) exit(0);
glmUnitize(pmodel2);
glmFacetNormals(pmodel2);
glmVertexNormals(pmodel2, 90.0);
}
glmDraw(pmodel2, GLM_SMOOTH | GLM_MATERIAL);
glPopMatrix();
glPopMatrix();
glPushMatrix();
glTranslatef(-0.2,-1.05,0 );
glScalef(0.5,0.5,0.5);
glRotatef(angle[7], 0,0,1);
glTranslatef(0,-0.7, 0);
if (!pmodel2) {
pmodel2 = glmReadOBJ("data/123.obj");
if (!pmodel2) exit(0);
glmUnitize(pmodel2);
glmFacetNormals(pmodel2);
glmVertexNormals(pmodel2, 90.0);
}
glmDraw(pmodel2, GLM_SMOOTH | GLM_MATERIAL);
glPushMatrix();
glTranslatef(0,-1.2,0 );
glScalef(1,1,1);
glRotatef(angle[8], 0,0,1);
glTranslatef(0,-0.7, 0);
if (!pmodel2) {
pmodel2 = glmReadOBJ("data/123.obj");
if (!pmodel2) exit(0);
glmUnitize(pmodel2);
glmFacetNormals(pmodel2);
glmVertexNormals(pmodel2, 90.0);
}
glmDraw(pmodel2, GLM_SMOOTH | GLM_MATERIAL);
glPopMatrix();
glPopMatrix();
glPopMatrix();
glutSwapBuffers();
}
int oldX=0;
void mouse(int button, int state, int x, int y)///NOW2
{
oldX = x;
}
#include <stdio.h>
void motion(int x, int y)
{
angle[angleID] += x-oldX;
oldX = x;
for(int i=0;i<20;i++){
printf(" %.2f ", angle[i]);
}
printf("\n");
display();
}
void keyboard(unsigned char key, int x, int y)
{
if(key=='1') angleID=1;
if(key=='2') angleID=2;
if(key=='3') angleID=3;
if(key=='4') angleID=4;
if(key=='5') angleID=5;
if(key=='6') angleID=6;
if(key=='7') angleID=7;
if(key=='8') angleID=8;
}
int main(int argc,char**argv){
glutInit(&argc, argv);
glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DOUBLE|GLUT_DEPTH);
glutCreateWindow("Week06");
glutDisplayFunc(display);
glutIdleFunc(display);
glClearColor(1,1,1,1);
glCullFace(GL_BACK);
glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
glDepthFunc(GL_LESS);
glEnable(GL_LIGHT0);
glEnable(GL_NORMALIZE);
glEnable(GL_COLOR_MATERIAL);
glEnable(GL_LIGHTING);
glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_AMBIENT, light_ambient);
glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_DIFFUSE, light_diffuse);
glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_SPECULAR, light_specular);
glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_POSITION, light_position);
glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_AMBIENT, mat_ambient);
glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_DIFFUSE, mat_diffuse);
glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_SPECULAR, mat_specular);
glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_SHININESS, high_shininess);
glutKeyboardFunc(keyboard);///NOW3
glutMouseFunc(mouse);///NOW2
glutMotionFunc(motion);///NOW2
glutDisplayFunc(display);
glutMainLoop();
}
(7) download 同學的機器人06160451_after.zip
這是會存檔的程式碼
貼上程式碼:
#include <GL/glut.h>
#include "glm.h"
FILE * fout = NULL;///NOW for fprintf()
FILE * fin = NULL;///NOW for fscanf()
GLMmodel* pmodel = NULL;
GLMmodel* pmodel2 = NULL;
GLMmodel* pmodel21 = NULL;
GLMmodel* pmodel3 = NULL;
GLMmodel* pmodel31 = NULL;
GLMmodel* pmodel4 = NULL;
GLMmodel* pmodel41 = NULL;
GLMmodel* pmodel5 = NULL;
GLMmodel* pmodel51 = NULL;
const GLfloat light_ambient[] = { 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f };
const GLfloat light_diffuse[] = { 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f };
const GLfloat light_specular[] = { 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f };
const GLfloat light_position[] = { 2.0f, 5.0f, -5.0f, 0.0f };
const GLfloat mat_ambient[] = { 0.7f, 0.7f, 0.7f, 1.0f };
const GLfloat mat_diffuse[] = { 0.8f, 0.8f, 0.8f, 1.0f };
const GLfloat mat_specular[] = { 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f };
const GLfloat high_shininess[] = { 100.0f };
float angle[20];
int angleID=1;
void display(){
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
///身體
glPushMatrix();
glTranslatef(0, 0.3,0 );
glScalef(0.5,0.5,0.5);
if (!pmodel) {
pmodel = glmReadOBJ("data/06160451.obj");
if (!pmodel) exit(0);
glmUnitize(pmodel);
glmFacetNormals(pmodel);
glmVertexNormals(pmodel, 90.0);
}
glmDraw(pmodel, GLM_SMOOTH | GLM_MATERIAL);
///右上臂
glPushMatrix();
glTranslatef(0.45,0.3,0 );
glScalef(0.5,0.5,0.5);
glRotatef(angle[1], 0,0,1);
glTranslatef(0,-0.7, 0);
if (!pmodel2) {
pmodel2 = glmReadOBJ("data/123.obj");
if (!pmodel2) exit(0);
glmUnitize(pmodel2);
glmFacetNormals(pmodel2);
glmVertexNormals(pmodel2, 90.0);
}
glmDraw(pmodel2, GLM_SMOOTH | GLM_MATERIAL);
glPushMatrix();
glTranslatef(0,-1.1,0 );
glScalef(1,1,1);
glRotatef(angle[2], 0,0,1);
glTranslatef(0,-0.7, 0);
if (!pmodel2) {
pmodel2 = glmReadOBJ("data/123.obj");
if (!pmodel2) exit(0);
glmUnitize(pmodel2);
glmFacetNormals(pmodel2);
glmVertexNormals(pmodel2, 90.0);
}
glmDraw(pmodel2, GLM_SMOOTH | GLM_MATERIAL);
glPopMatrix();
glPopMatrix();
glPushMatrix();
glTranslatef(-0.45,0.3,0 );
glScalef(0.5,0.5,0.5);
glRotatef(angle[3], 0,0,1);
glTranslatef(0,-0.7, 0);
if (!pmodel2) {
pmodel2 = glmReadOBJ("data/123.obj");
if (!pmodel2) exit(0);
glmUnitize(pmodel2);
glmFacetNormals(pmodel2);
glmVertexNormals(pmodel2, 90.0);
}
glmDraw(pmodel2, GLM_SMOOTH | GLM_MATERIAL);
glPushMatrix();
glTranslatef(0,-1.1,0 );
glScalef(1,1,1);
glRotatef(angle[4], 0,0,1);
glTranslatef(0,-0.7, 0);
if (!pmodel2) {
pmodel2 = glmReadOBJ("data/123.obj");
if (!pmodel2) exit(0);
glmUnitize(pmodel2);
glmFacetNormals(pmodel2);
glmVertexNormals(pmodel2, 90.0);
}
glmDraw(pmodel2, GLM_SMOOTH | GLM_MATERIAL);
glPopMatrix();
glPopMatrix();
glPushMatrix();
glTranslatef(0.2,-1.05,0 );
glScalef(0.5,0.5,0.5);
glRotatef(angle[5], 0,0,1);
glTranslatef(0,-0.7, 0);
if (!pmodel2) {
pmodel2 = glmReadOBJ("data/123.obj");
if (!pmodel2) exit(0);
glmUnitize(pmodel2);
glmFacetNormals(pmodel2);
glmVertexNormals(pmodel2, 90.0);
}
glmDraw(pmodel2, GLM_SMOOTH | GLM_MATERIAL);
glPushMatrix();
glTranslatef(0,-1.2,0 );
glScalef(1,1,1);
glRotatef(angle[6], 0,0,1);
glTranslatef(0,-0.7, 0);
if (!pmodel2) {
pmodel2 = glmReadOBJ("data/123.obj");
if (!pmodel2) exit(0);
glmUnitize(pmodel2);
glmFacetNormals(pmodel2);
glmVertexNormals(pmodel2, 90.0);
}
glmDraw(pmodel2, GLM_SMOOTH | GLM_MATERIAL);
glPopMatrix();
glPopMatrix();
glPushMatrix();
glTranslatef(-0.2,-1.05,0 );
glScalef(0.5,0.5,0.5);
glRotatef(angle[7], 0,0,1);
glTranslatef(0,-0.7, 0);
if (!pmodel2) {
pmodel2 = glmReadOBJ("data/123.obj");
if (!pmodel2) exit(0);
glmUnitize(pmodel2);
glmFacetNormals(pmodel2);
glmVertexNormals(pmodel2, 90.0);
}
glmDraw(pmodel2, GLM_SMOOTH | GLM_MATERIAL);
glPushMatrix();
glTranslatef(0,-1.2,0 );
glScalef(1,1,1);
glRotatef(angle[8], 0,0,1);
glTranslatef(0,-0.7, 0);
if (!pmodel2) {
pmodel2 = glmReadOBJ("data/123.obj");
if (!pmodel2) exit(0);
glmUnitize(pmodel2);
glmFacetNormals(pmodel2);
glmVertexNormals(pmodel2, 90.0);
}
glmDraw(pmodel2, GLM_SMOOTH | GLM_MATERIAL);
glPopMatrix();
glPopMatrix();
glPopMatrix();
glutSwapBuffers();
}
int oldX=0;
void mouse(int button, int state, int x, int y)///NOW2
{
oldX = x;
}
#include <stdio.h>
void motion(int x, int y)
{
angle[angleID] += x-oldX;
oldX = x;
for(int i=0;i<20;i++){
printf(" %.2f ", angle[i]);
}
printf("\n");
display();
///motion裡面,就不要再存檔了.... (第13週一直存,但現在不要存,才不會亂亂的)
}
void keyboard(unsigned char key, int x, int y)
{
if(key=='1') angleID=1;
if(key=='2') angleID=2;
if(key=='3') angleID=3;
if(key=='4') angleID=4;
if(key=='5') angleID=5;
if(key=='6') angleID=6;
if(key=='7') angleID=7;
if(key=='8') angleID=8;
if(key=='w'){///只有按下'w'才存1組動作 (1行)
if(fout==NULL) fout=fopen("motion.txt", "w+");///NOW
for(int i=0; i<20; i++){///NOW
fprintf(fout, " %.1f ", angle[i]);///NOW
}///NOW
fprintf(fout, "\n");///NOW
}///NOW
if(key=='r'){///NOW2
if(fin==NULL) fin=fopen("motion.txt", "r");///NOW2
for(int i=0; i<20; i++){///NOW2
fscanf(fin, "%f", &angle[i]);///NOW2
}///NOW2
}
glutPostRedisplay();///NOW2 重畫畫面
}
int main(int argc,char**argv){
glutInit(&argc, argv);
glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DOUBLE|GLUT_DEPTH);
glutCreateWindow("Week06");
glutDisplayFunc(display);
glutIdleFunc(display);
glClearColor(1,1,1,1);
glCullFace(GL_BACK);
glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
glDepthFunc(GL_LESS);
glEnable(GL_LIGHT0);
glEnable(GL_NORMALIZE);
glEnable(GL_COLOR_MATERIAL);
glEnable(GL_LIGHTING);
glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_AMBIENT, light_ambient);
glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_DIFFUSE, light_diffuse);
glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_SPECULAR, light_specular);
glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_POSITION, light_position);
glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_AMBIENT, mat_ambient);
glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_DIFFUSE, mat_diffuse);
glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_SPECULAR, mat_specular);
glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_SHININESS, high_shininess);
glutKeyboardFunc(keyboard);///NOW3
glutMouseFunc(mouse);///NOW2
glutMotionFunc(motion);///NOW2
glutDisplayFunc(display);
glutMainLoop();
}
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